Nanodiamonds could hold key to cool clothing

Nanodiamonds could hold key to cool clothing

Researchers from RMIT University are using nanodiamonds to create smart textiles that can cool people down faster.

The study found fabric made from cotton coated with nanodiamonds, using a method called electrospinning, showed a reduction of 2-3 degrees Celsius during the cooling down process compared to untreated cotton.

They do this by drawing out body heat and releasing it from the fabric – a result of the incredible thermal conductivity of nanodiamonds.

Published in Polymers for Advanced Technologies, project lead and Senior Lecturer, Dr Shadi Houshyar, said there was a big opportunity to use these insights to create new textiles for sportswear and even personal protective clothing, such as underlayers to keep fire fighters cool.

The study also found nanodiamonds increased the UV protection of cotton, making it ideal for outdoor summer clothing. 

“While 2 or 3 degrees may not seem like much of a change, it does make a difference in comfort and health impacts over extended periods and in practical terms, could be the difference between keeping your air conditioner off or turning it on,” Houshyar said.

“There’s also potential to explore how nanodiamonds can be used to protect buildings from overheating, which can lead to environmental benefits.”

The use of this fabric in clothing was projected to lead to a 20-30% energy saving due to lower use of air conditioning.

From left to right: Research supervisor and RMIT Senior lecturer Dr Xin Wang, Lead researcher and RMIT research assistant Dr Aisha Rehman and Project leader and RMIT Senior Lecturer Dr Shadi Houshyar. Aisha is talking and holding pink cotton that’s been treated with nanodiamonds while Xin and Shadi listen to her. Everyone is wearing white lab coats and protective goggles. (L-R) Research supervisor and Senior Lecturer Dr Xin Wang, lead researcher and research assistant Dr Aisha Rehman and project leader and Senior Lecturer Dr Shadi Houshyar. Credit: Cherry Cai, RMIT University

Based in the Centre for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), the research team is made up of RMIT engineers and textile researchers who have strong expertise in developing next-generation smart textiles, as well as working with industry to develop realistic solutions. 

Contrary to popular belief, nanodiamonds are not the same as the diamonds that adorn jewellery, said Houshyar. 

“They’re actually cheap to make — cheaper than graphene oxide and other types of carbon materials,” she said.

“While they have a carbon lattice structure, they are much smaller in size. They’re also easy to make using methods like detonation or from waste materials.” 

A hand wearing blue disposable gloves is carrying a petri dish of detonated nanodiamond powder. Nanodiamonds were chosen for this study because of their strong thermal conductivity properties. Credit: Cherry Cai, RMIT University

How it works

Cotton material was first coated with an adhesive, then electrospun with a polymer solution made from nanodiamonds, polyurethane and solvent. 

This process creates a web of nanofibres on the cotton fibres, which are then cured to bond the two.

Lead researcher and research assistant, Dr Aisha Rehman, said the coating with nanodiamonds was deliberately applied to only one side of the fabric to restrict heat in the atmosphere from transferring back to the body.  

“The side of the fabric with the nanodiamond coating is what touches the skin. The nanodiamonds then transfer heat from the body into the air,” said Rehman, who worked on the study as part of her PhD.

“Because nanodiamonds are such good thermal conductors, it does it faster than untreated fabric.”

A sample of pink cotton fabric that’s been treated with nanodiamonds (left) next to untreated cotton (right). (L-R) A sample of cotton that has been treated with nanodiamonds next to an untreated sample of cotton. Credit: Cherry Cai, RMIT University

Nanodiamonds were chosen for this study because of their strong thermal conductivity properties, said Rehman.

Often used in IT, nanodiamonds can also help improve thermal properties of liquids and gels, as well as increase corrosive resistance in metals.

“Nanodiamonds are also biocompatible, so they’re safe for the human body. Therefore, it has great potential not just in textiles, but also in the biomedical field,” Rehman said.

While the research was still preliminary, Houshyar said this method of coating nanofibres onto textiles had strong commercial potential. 

“This electrospinning approach is straightforward and can significantly reduce the variety of manufacturing steps compared to previously tested methods, which feature lengthy processes and wastage of nanodiamonds,” Houshyar said. 

Further research will study the durability of the nanofibres, especially during the washing process. 

The electrospinning machine used to create nanofibers, which were bonded to cotton. The electrospinning machine created a web of nanofibres on the cotton fibres, which are then cured to bond the two. Credit: Cherry Cai, RMIT University

“Immobilization of nanodiamonds onto cotton fabric through polyurethane nanofibrous coatings for summer clothing” was published in Polymers for Advanced Technologies (DOI: 10.1002/pat.6222)

Aisha Rehman, Shadi Houshyar, Azadeh Mirabedini, Stephen Michielsen and Xin Wang are co-authors. 

 

Story: Shu Shu Zheng

15 February 2024

Share

Return to RMIT News
15 February 2024

Share

  • Sustainability
  • Science and technology
  • Design
  • Research
  • STEM
  • fashion
  • Nano & Microtechnology
  • DSC
Engage

Related News

Michele Lee performing 'These Other Things' at The Capitol

These Other Things explores grief through levity

Hmong-Australian playwright, screenwriter, RMIT alumni and current PhD candidate Michele Lee’s latest piece These Other Things recently showed at The Capitol, as RMIT Culture’s annual Capitol Commission performance.

A family of three cycling on a bike lane that runs through a park.

Melbourne cycling infrastructure plan risks getting stuck in low gear if feeder networks not considered: new research

A new study highlights how far Melbourne still has to go in becoming a cycling city, warning the state government’s plan for strategic cycling corridors must be complemented by local government efforts to make local streets safer for cyclists.

news-advanced-robotics-1220px.jpg

Tiny device promises new tech with a human touch

Engineers at RMIT University have invented a small ‘neuromorphic’ device that detects hand movement, stores memories and processes information like a human brain, without the need for an external computer.

Skier standing on a slope

People who swap mundane jobs for meaningful careers still do it tough: study

A decade-long study of snowsport instructors has revealed what it means to seek a career that puts enjoyment and personal growth above profits and deadlines.

Show more
aboriginal flag float-start torres strait flag float-start

Acknowledgement of Country

RMIT University acknowledges the people of the Woi wurrung and Boon wurrung language groups of the eastern Kulin Nation on whose unceded lands we conduct the business of the University. RMIT University respectfully acknowledges their Ancestors and Elders, past and present. RMIT also acknowledges the Traditional Custodians and their Ancestors of the lands and waters across Australia where we conduct our business - Artwork 'Sentient' by Hollie Johnson, Gunaikurnai and Monero Ngarigo.

More information